a) Rotation: the line segment AB is pointed west; the line segment A'B' is pointed south. That is a rotation of 90° CCW or 270° CW. Positive angles are measured in the CCW direction, so the appropriate answer for rotation is probably 90°.
b) Dilation: the point C' has x-coordinate 4; the point C'' has x-coordinate 8. The dilation factor is 8/4 = 2.
